10x Genomics
Chromium Single Cell Immune Profiling

Cell Ranger5.0, printed on 11/23/2024

Analyzing V(D)J and Gene Expression / Feature Barcode with cellranger multi

The 5' Chromium Single Cell Immune Profiling Solution with Feature Barcode technology enables simultaneous profiling of V(D)J repertoire, cell surface protein, antigen specificity and gene expression data. The cellranger multi pipeline enables the analysis of these multiple library types together. The advantage of using the multi pipeline (as opposed to using cellranger vdj and cellranger count separately) is that it enables more consistent cell calling between the V(D)J and gene expression data.

For example, the multi pipeline is recommended for GEX+V(D)J data because cells called by the VDJ pipeline that are not also called by GEX pipeline are assigned to "background" in the VDJ results. The multi pipeline also helps mitigate overcalling issues that may arise in BCR data.

This involves the following steps:

1. Run cellranger mkfastq on the Illumina BCL output folder to generate FASTQ files.

2. Run cellranger multi on FASTQ files produced by cellranger mkfastq.

Run cellranger mkfastq

First, follow the instructions on running cellranger mkfastq to generate FASTQ files. For example, if the flowcell serial number was HAWT7ADXX, then cellranger mkfastq will output FASTQ files in HAWT7ADXX/outs/fastq_path.

Run cellranger multi

To simultaneously generate single-cell feature counts, V(D)J sequences and annotations for a single library, run cellranger multi. This requires a config CSV, which is described below, and invoking cellranger multi with the following arguments:

The multi config CSV contains both the library definitions and experiment configuration variables. It is composed of up to four sections: [gene-expression], [feature], [vdj], and [libraries]. The [gene-expression], [feature], and [vdj] sections have at most two columns, and are responsible for configuring their respective portions of the experiment. The [libraries] section specifies where input FASTQ files may be found. A template for a multi config CSV can be downloaded here, and example multi config CSVs can be downloaded from 5.0.0 public datasets here.

After determining these input arguments, run cellranger:

$ cd /home/jdoe/runs
$ cellranger multi --id=sample345 --csv=/home/jdoe/sample345.csv

Following a series of checks to validate input arguments, cellranger multi pipeline stages will begin to run:

Martian Runtime - v4.0.2
 
Running preflight checks (please wait)...
...

By default, cellranger will use all of the cores available on your system to execute pipeline stages. You can specify a different number of cores to use with the --localcores option; for example, --localcores=16 will limit cellranger to using up to sixteen cores at once. Similarly, --localmem will restrict the amount of memory (in GB) used by cellranger.

The pipeline will create a new folder named with the run ID you specified using the --id argument (e.g. /home/jdoe/runs/sample345) for its output. If this folder already exists, cellranger will assume it is an existing pipestance and attempt to resume running it.

Output Files

A successful cellranger multi run should conclude with a message similar to this:

Waiting 6 seconds for UI to do final refresh.
Pipestance completed successfully!
 
yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss Shutting down.
Saving pipestance info to "tiny/tiny.mri.tgz"

The output of the pipeline will be contained in a folder named with the run ID you specified (e.g. sample345). The subfolder named outs will contain the main pipeline outputs:

Once cellranger multi has successfully completed, you can browse the resulting summary HTML file in any supported web browser, or refer to the count and vdj sections to explore the data by hand.

When to use the multi pipeline

The gene expression library is representative of the entire pool of poly-adenylated mRNA transcripts captured within each partition (droplet). The TCR or BCR transcripts are then selectively amplified to create the V(D)J library. Therefore, the gene expression library has more power to detect partitions containing cells compared to the V(D)J library. If the multi pipeline is run with both gene expression and VDJ data, then barcodes which are not called as cells by using the gene expression data will be deleted from the V(D)J cell set.

Features not in cellranger multi

The --denovo option available in cellranger vdj is not supported in cellranger multi.

Additional features in cellranger multi

The cellranger multi pipeline supports downsampling the reads by specifying a rate between 0 and 1 independently for each library. It also allows trimming the reads to a fixed length, which is not supported in the cellranger vdj pipeline.