Cell Ranger2.2, printed on 12/03/2024
The Cell Ranger pipelines support launching stages on SGE- and LSF-based clusters. This cluster mode allows highly parallelizable stages to utilize hundreds or thousands of cores concurrently, dramatically reducing time to solution.
Running pipelines in cluster mode requires the following:
Installing the Cell Ranger software on a cluster is identical to the installation procedure for local-mode (non-cluster) operation. After you have confirmed that the cellranger pipelines can run in local mode, you must configure the job submission template that Cell Ranger will use to submit jobs to your cluster. Assuming you installed Cell Ranger to /opt/cellranger-2.2.0, the process is as follows.
Step 1. Navigate to the Martian runtime's jobmanagers/ directory which contains example jobmanager templates.
$ cd /opt/cellranger-2.2.0/martian-cs/v2.3.3/jobmanagers $ ls bsub.template.example config.json sge.template.example
Step 2. Make a copy of your cluster's example template (SGE or LSF) to either sge.template or lsf.template in this jobmanagers/ directory.
$ cp -v sge.template.example sge.template `sge.template.example' -> `sge.template' $ ls bsub.template.example config.json sge.template sge.template.example
Step 3. Edit this template file and make the necessary modifications that may be required by your specific cluster.
$ nano sge.template ... $ cat sge.template #$ -N __MRO_JOB_NAME__ #$ -V #$ -pe threads __MRO_THREADS__ #$ -l mem_free=__MRO_MEM_GB__G #$ -cwd #$ -o __MRO_STDOUT__ #$ -e __MRO_STDERR__ __MRO_CMD__
If you are using an SGE cluster, you MUST modify the #$ -pe <pe_name> line of the example template to reflect the name of your cluster's multithreaded parallel environment (e.g., threads in the above example). You can view a list of your cluster's parallel environments using the qconf -spl command.
The most common modifications to the job submission template include adding additional lines to specify:
These job submission templates contain a number of special variables, contained within double underscores, that are substituted by the Martian runtime when each stage is being submitted. Specifically, the following variables will be expanded when a pipeline is submitting jobs to the cluster:
| Variable | Must be present? | Description |
|---|---|---|
| __MRO_JOB_NAME__ | Yes | Job name composed of the sample ID and stage being executed |
| __MRO_THREADS__ | No | Number of threads required by the stage |
| __MRO_MEM_GB__ __MRO_MEM_MB__ | No | Amount of memory (in GB or MB) required by the stage |
| __MRO_MEM_GB_PER_THREAD__ __MRO_MEM_MB_PER_THREAD__ | No | Amount of memory (in GB or MB) required per thread in multi-threaded stages. |
| __MRO_STDOUT__ __MRO_STDERR__ | Yes | Paths to the _stdout and _stderr metadata files for the stage |
| __MRO_CMD__ | Yes | Bourne shell command to run the stage code |
It is critical that the special variables listed as required are present in the final template you create. If you are unsure of how this template should appear for your cluster, consult your cluster's administrator or help desk.
To run a Cell Ranger pipeline in cluster mode, simply add the --jobmode=sge or --jobmode=lsf command-line option when using the cellranger commands. The pipeline orchestration will still occur on your local machine, but individual stages will be submitted to your cluster as they become eligible to execute.
To validate that cluster mode is properly configured, you can follow the same validation instructions given for cellranger in the Installation page but add --jobmode=sge or --jobmode=lsf.
$ cellranger mkfastq --run=./tiny-bcl --samplesheet=./tiny-sheet.csv --jobmode=sge Martian Runtime - 2.2.0 Running preflight checks (please wait)... 2016-09-13 12:00:00 [runtime] (ready) ID.HAWT7ADXX.MAKE_FASTQS_CS.MAKE_FASTQS.PREPARE_SAMPLESHEET 2016-09-13 12:00:00 [runtime] (split_complete) ID.HAWT7ADXX.MAKE_FASTQS_CS.MAKE_FASTQS.PREPARE_SAMPLESHEET ...
If you check your job queue, you will begin to see stages queuing up:
$ qstat job-ID prior name user state submit/start at queue slots ja-task-ID ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8675309 0.56000 ID.HAWT7AD jdoe qw 09/13/2016 12:00:00 [email protected] 1 8675310 0.55500 ID.HAWT7AD jdoe qw 09/13/2016 12:00:00 [email protected] 1
If you encounter a pipeline failure:
[error] Pipestance failed. Please see log at: HAWT7ADXX/MAKE_FASTQS_CS/MAKE_FASTQS/MAKE_FASTQS_PREFLIGHT/fork0/chnk0/_errors Saving diagnostics to HAWT7ADXX/HAWT7ADXX.debug.tgz For assistance, upload this file to 10x by running: uploadto10x <your_email> HAWT7ADXX/HAWT7ADXX.debug.tgz
And the _errors file contains a jobcmd error:
$ cat HAWT7ADXX/MAKE_FASTQS_CS/MAKE_FASTQS/MAKE_FASTQS_PREFLIGHT/fork0/chnk0/_errors jobcmd error: exit status 1
You likely have an invalid job submission template. This jobcmd error occurs when the job submission via qsub or bsub commands failed.
After configuring Cell Ranger for cluster mode, the cellranger pipelines can be run with --jobmode=sge or --jobmode=lsf. This will make the underlying Martian pipeline framework launch each stage through the qsub or bsub commands when running in SGE or LSF modes, respectively. As stages' jobs are queued, launched, and completed, the pipeline framework will track their states using the metadata files that each stage maintains in the pipeline output directory.
Just as with local-mode pipelines, cluster-mode pipelines can be restarted after failure and maintain the same order of execution for dependent subsections of the pipeline. All of the stage code that is executed is identical to that of local mode, and the quantitative results will be identical to the limit of each stage's reproducibility.
| Cluster-mode pipelines that are stopped (either by you or due to a stage failure) do not delete pending stages that have already been submitted to the cluster queue. As a result, some pipeline stages may continue to execute after the cellranger commands have exited. |
In addition, the Cell Ranger UI can still be used with cluster mode. Because the Martian pipeline framework runs on the node from which the command was issued, the UI will also run from that node.
Stages in the Cell Ranger pipelines each request a specific number of cores and memory to aid with resource management. These values are used to prevent oversubscription of the computing system when running pipelines in local (non-cluster) mode, but the way in which CPU and memory requests are handled in cluster mode is defined by (1) how the __MRO_THREADS__ and __MRO_MEM_GB__ variables are used within the job template and (2) how your specific cluster's job manager schedules resources.
SGE supports requesting memory via the mem_free resource natively, although your cluster may have another mechanism for requesting memory. To pass each stage's memory request through to SGE, add an additional line to your sge.template that requests mem_free, h_vmem, h_rss, or the custom memory resource defined by your cluster:
$ cat sge.template #$ -N __MRO_JOB_NAME__ #$ -V #$ -pe threads __MRO_THREADS__ #$ -l mem_free=__MRO_MEM_GB__G #$ -cwd #$ -o __MRO_STDOUT__ #$ -e __MRO_STDERR__ __MRO_CMD__
Note that the h_vmem (virtual memory) and mem_free/h_rss (physical memory) represent two different quantities, and that Cell Ranger stages' __MRO_MEM_GB__ requests are expressed as physical memory. As such, using h_vmem in your job template may cause certain stages to be unduly killed if their virtual memory consumption is substantially larger than their physical memory consumption. It follows that we do not recommend using h_vmem.
| In the above example, the trailing G in the highlighted __MRO_MEM_GB__G is required by SGE to denote that mem_free is being expressed in GB units. |
| If you do use h_vmem in a template, it is recommended that you use the __MRO_MEM_GB_PER_THREAD__ or __MRO_MEM_MB_PER_THREAD__ variables instead of __MRO_MEM_GB__ and __MRO_MEM_MB__. To determine memory limits for a multicore job, SGE will multiply the number of threads by the value in h_vmem. The __MRO_MEM_GB__ and __MRO_MEM_MB__ variables already reflect the sum amount of memory across all threads needed to run the job. Using those variables as h_vmem will inflate the memory required for multi-threaded jobs. |
LSF supports job memory requests through the -M and -R [mem=...] options, but these requests generally must be expressed in MB, not GB. As such, your LSF job template should use the __MRO_MEM_MB__ variable rather than __MRO_MEM_GB__. For example,
$ cat bsub.template #BSUB -J __MRO_JOB_NAME__ #BSUB -n __MRO_THREADS__ #BSUB -o __MRO_STDOUT__ #BSUB -e __MRO_STDERR__ #BSUB -R "rusage[mem=__MRO_MEM_MB__]" #BSUB -R span[hosts=1] __MRO_CMD__
For clusters whose job managers do not support memory requests, it is possible to request memory in the form of cores via the --mempercore command-line option. This option will scale up the number of threads requested via the __MRO_THREADS__ variable according to how much memory a stage requires when given to the ratio of memory on your nodes.
For example, given a cluster whose nodes have 16 cores and 128 GB of memory (8 GB per core), the following pipeline invocation command
$ cellranger mkfastq --run=./tiny-bcl --samplesheet=./tiny-sheet.csv --jobmode=sge --mempercore=8
will issue the following resource requests:
As the final bullet point illustrates, this mode can result in wasted CPU cycles and is only provided for clusters that cannot allocate memory as an independent resource.
Every cluster configuration is different, so if you are unsure of how your cluster resource management is configured, please contact your cluster administrator or help desk.
Some Cell Ranger pipeline stages are divided into hundreds of jobs. By default, the rate at which these jobs are submitted to the cluster is throttled to at most 64 at a time and at least 100ms between each submission to avoid running into limits on clusters which impose quotas on the total number of pending jobs a user can submit.
If your cluster does not have such limits or is not shared with other users, you can control how the Martian pipeline runner sends job submissions to your cluster by using the --maxjobs and --jobinterval parameters.
You can increase the cap on the number of concurrent jobs to 200 with the --maxjobs parameter:
$ cellranger vdj --id=sample ... --jobmode=sge --maxjobs=200
You may also change the rate limit on how often the Martian pipeline runner sends submissions to the cluster. To add a five-second pause between job submissions, use the --jobinterval parameter:
$ cellranger vdj --id=sample ... --jobmode=sge --jobinterval=5000
The job interval parameter is in milliseconds. The minimum allowable value is 1.