10x Genomics
Chromium De Novo Assembly

Supernova1.0, printed on 04/19/2024

Assembly Process

Supernova generates highly-contiguous, phased, whole-genome de novo assemblies from a Chromium-prepared library.

This involves the following steps:

1. Run supernova demux on the Illumina BCL output folder to generate FASTQ files.

2. Run supernova run separately for each sample that was demultiplexed by supernova demux to generate a whole genome de novo assembly.

3. Run supernova mkfasta in order to generate various styles of FASTA output for your assemblies.

For the following example, assume that the Illumina BCL output is in a folder named /sequencing/140101_D00123_0111_AHAWT7ADXX.

Run supernova demux

First, follow the instructions on running supernova demux to generate FASTQ files. For example, if the flowcell serial number was HAWT7ADXX, then supernova demux will output FASTQ files in HAWT7ADXX/outs/fastq_path.

Run supernova run for de novo assembly

To run Supernova, you use the supernova run command, with the following parameters:

After determining these input arguments, call supernova run:

$ cd /home/jdoe/runs
$ supernova run --id=sample345 \
                --fastqs=/home/jdoe/runs/HAWT7ADXX/outs/fastq_path \
                --indices=SI-GA-A1 

Following a set of preflight checks to validate input arguments, Supernova pipeline stages will begin to run:

supernova run 
Copyright (c) 2016 10x Genomics, Inc.  All rights reserved.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Martian Runtime - 2.0.0
 
Running preflight checks (please wait)...
2016-01-01 00:00:01 [runtime] (ready)           ID.sample345.ASSEMBLER_CS._ASSEMBLER_PREP.SETUP_CHUNKS
2016-01-01 00:00:01 [runtime] (split_complete)  ID.sample345.ASSEMBLER_CS._ASSEMBLER_PREP.SETUP_CHUNKS
...

As a default, supernova run will use all of the sequence data available in the FASTQ folder with the specified --indices and --lanes. If you would like to downsample the data you can optionally specify the number of reads that Supernova should assemble using the --reads. By default, supernova run will use all of the cores available on your system to execute pipeline stages.

The pipeline will create a new folder named with the sample ID you specified (e.g. /home/jdoe/runs/sample345) for its output. If this folder already exists, supernova run will assume it is an existing pipestance and attempt to resume running it.

Output Files

A successful supernova run execution should conclude with a message that looks similar to this:

...
2016-01-03 00:00:01 [runtime] (chunks_complete) ID.sample345.ASSEMBLER_CS._ASSEMBLER_CP
2016-01-03 00:00:01 [runtime] (run:local)       ID.sample345.ASSEMBLER_CS._ASSEMBLER_CP.fork0.join
2016-01-03 00:00:03 [runtime] (join_complete)   ID.sample345.ASSEMBLER_CS._ASSEMBLER_CP
 
Outputs:
- assembly: /home/jdoe/runs/sample345/outs/assembly
- summary: /home/jdoe/runs/sample345/outs/summary.csv
- report: /home/jdoe/runs/sample345/outs/report.txt
 
Pipestance completed successfully!
Saving pipestance info to sample345/sample345.mri.tgz

The output of the pipeline will be contained in a folder named with the sample ID you specified (e.g. sample345). The subfolder named outs will contain the main pipeline output files:

Run supernova mkfasta for FASTA output

First, familiarize yourself with the representation of a genome assembly as a graph structure. Next, follow the instructions on running supernova mkfasta to generate FASTA files.